在當今網頁設計/開發(fā)實踐中，使用CSS來為語義化的(X)HTML標記添加樣式風格是重要的關鍵。在設計師們的夢想中都存在著這樣的一個完美世界:所有的瀏覽器都能夠理解和適用多有CSS規(guī)則，并且呈現相同的視覺效果(沒有兼容性問題)。但是，我們并沒有生活在這個完美的世界，現實中發(fā)生的失竊卻總是恰恰相反，很多CSS樣式在不同的瀏覽器中有著不同的解釋和呈現。

當今流行的瀏覽器(如:Firefox、Opera、Internet Explorer、Chrome、Safari等等)中，有一些都是以自己的方式去理解CSS規(guī)范，這就會導致有的瀏覽器對CSS的解釋與設計師的CSS定義初衷相沖突，使得網頁的樣子在某些瀏覽器下能正確按照設計師的想法顯示，但有些瀏覽器卻并沒有按照設計師想要的樣子顯示出來，這就導致瀏覽器的兼容性問題。更糟的是，有的瀏覽器完全無視CSS的一些聲明和屬性。

正因為上述沖突和問題依然存在于這個”不完美的世界”，所以一些設計師想到了一種避免瀏覽器兼容性問題的方法，那就是CSS Reset，什么是CSS Reset？我們可以把它叫做CSS重設，也有人叫做CSS復位、默認CSS、CSS重置等。CSS重設就是由于各種瀏覽器解釋CSS樣式的初始值有所不同，導致設計師在沒有定義某個CSS屬性時，不同的瀏覽器會按照自己的默認值來為沒有定義的樣式賦值，所以我們要先定義好一些CSS樣式，來讓所有瀏覽器都按照同樣的規(guī)則解釋CSS，這樣就能避免發(fā)生這種問題。

一.最簡化的CSS Reset(重設) :

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

這是最普遍最簡單的CSS重設，將所有元素的padding和margin值都設為0，可以避免一些瀏覽器在理解這兩個屬性默認值上的”分歧”。

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

border: 0;

}

這是在上一個重設的基礎上添加了對border屬性的重設，初始值為0的確能避免一些問題。

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

outline: 0;

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

border: 0;

}

在前兩個的基礎上添加了outline屬性的重設，防止一些沖突。

二.濃縮實用型CSS Reset(重設):

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

font-weight: inherit;

font-family: inherit;

font-style: inherit;

font-size: 100%;

outline: 0;

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

border: 0;

}

該CSS重設方法出自Perishable Press，這是他常用的方法。

三.Poor Man 的CSS Reset:

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

html, body {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

html {

font-size:1em;

}

body {

font-size:100%;

}

a img, :link img, :visited img {

border:0px;

}

這個重設方法將html和body下元素的padding和margin都設為0，并分別為html標簽和body標簽下的所有元素設置了初始的字體大小，最重要的是把有鏈接的圖片的默認邊框去掉了。

四.Siolon’s Global Reset

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

font-family: inherit;

fo

nt-style: inherit;

font-size: 100%;

border: none;

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

body {

padding: 5px;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, pre, blockquote, form, ul, ol, dl {

margin: 20px 0;

}

li, dd, blockquote {

margin-left: 40px;

}

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

border-spacing: 0;

}

五.Shaun Inman’s Global Reset

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

body, div, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, pre, form, fieldset, input, p, blockquote, table, th, td, embed, object {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

border-spacing: 0;

}

fieldset, img, abbr {

border: 0;

}

address, caption, cite, code, dfn, em,

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, strong, th, var {

font-weight: normal;

font-style: normal;

}

ul {

list-style: none;

}

caption, th {

text-align: left;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {

font-size: 1.0em;

}

q:before, q:after {

content: ”;

}

a, ins {

text-decoration: none;

}

六.Yahoo(YUI) CSS Reset:

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

body,div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,

form,fieldset,input,textarea,p,blockquote,th,td {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

border-spacing: 0;

}

fieldset,img {

border: 0;

}

address,caption,cite,code,dfn,em,strong,th,var {

font-weight: normal;

font-style: normal;

}

ol,ul {

list-style: none;

}

caption,th {

text-align: left;

}

h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {

font-weight: normal;

font-size: 100%;

}

q:before,q:after {

content:”;

}

abbr,acronym {

border: 0;

}

七.Eric Meyer’s CSS Reset

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, table, caption,

tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins,

kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var,

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr,

acronym, address, big, cite, code, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,

fieldset, form, label, legend {

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

font-family: inherit;

font-weight: inherit;

font-style: inherit;

font-size: 100%;

outline: 0;

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

border: 0;

}

:focus {

outline: 0;

}

body {

background: white;

line-height: 1;

color: black;

}

ol, ul {

list-style: none;

}

table {

border-collapse: separate;

border-spacing: 0;

}

caption, th, td {

font-weight: normal;

text-align: left;

}

blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after {

content: “”;

}

blockquote, q {

quotes: “” “”;

}

八.Condensed Meyer Reset:

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

body, div, dl, dt, dd, ul, ol, li, h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6,

pre, form, fieldset, input, textarea, p, blockquote, th, td {

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

fieldset, img {

border: 0;

}

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

border-spacing: 0;

}

ol, ul {

list-style: none;

}

address, caption, cite, code, dfn, em, strong, th, var {

font-weight: normal;

font-style: normal;

}

caption, th {

text-align: left;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {

font-weight: normal;

font-size: 100%;

}

q:before, q:after {

content: ”;

}

abbr, acronym {

border: 0;

}

九.Ateneu Popular CSS Reset

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3,

h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym,

address, big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins,

kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt,

var, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li, fieldset, form, label, legend,

table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

border: 0;

outline: 0;

font-weight: inherit;

font-style: inherit;

font-size: 100%;

font-family: inherit;

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

}

:focus {

outline: 0;

}

a, a:link, a:visited, a:hover, a:active{

text-decoration:none

}

table {

border-collapse: separate;

border-spacing: 0;

}

th, td {

text-align: left;

font-weight: normal;

}

img, iframe {

border: none;

text-decoration:none;

}

ol, ul {

list-style: none;

}

input, textarea, select, button {

font-size: 100%;

font-family: inherit;

}

select {

margin: inherit;

}

hr {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

border: 0;

color: #000;

background-color: #000;

height: 1px

}

十.Chris Poteet’s Reset CSS

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

font-family: inherit;

font-style: inherit;

font-size: 100%;

border: none;

padding: 0;

margin: 0;

}

body {

padding: 5px;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, pre, blockquote, form, ul, ol, dl {

margin: 20px 0;

}

li, dd, blockquote {

margin-left: 40px;

}

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

border-spacing: 0;

}

十一.Tantek Celik Reset CSS

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

:link,:visited { text-decoration:none }

ul,ol { list-style:none }

h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,code { font-size:1em; }

ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,body,html,p,blockquote,fieldset,input

{ margin:0; padding:0 }

a img,:link img,:visited img { border:none }

address { font-style:normal }

十二.Christian Montoya Reset CSS

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

html, body, form, fieldset {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

font: 100%/120% Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, pre,

blockquote, ul, ol, dl, address {

margin: 1em 0;

padding: 0;

}

li, dd, blockquote {

margin-left: 1em;

}

form label {

cursor: pointer;

}

fieldset {

border: none;

}

input, select, textarea {

font-size: 100%;

font-family: inherit;

}

十三.Rudeworks Reset CSS

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

* {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

border: none;

}

html {

font: 62.5% “Lucida Grande”, Lucida, Verdana, sans-serif;

text-shadow: #000 0px 0px 0px;

}

ul {

list-style: none;

list-style-type: none;

}

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p, pre,

blockquote, ul, ol, dl, address {

font-weight: normal;

margin: 0 0 1em 0;

}

cite, em, dfn {

font-style: italic;

}

sup {

position: relative;

bottombottom: 0.3em;

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

}

sub {

position: relative;

bottombottom: -0.2em;

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

}

li, dd, blockquote {

margin-left: 1em;

}

code, kbd, samp, pre, tt, var, input[type='text'], textarea {

font-size: 100%;

font-family: monaco, “Lucida Console”, courier, mono-space;

}

del {

text-decoration: line-through;

}

ins, dfn {

border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;

}

small, sup, sub {

font-size: 85%;

}

abbr, acronym {

text-transform: uppercase;

font-size: 85%;

letter-spacing: .1em;

border-bottom-style: dotted;

border-bottom-width: 1px;

}

a abbr, a acronym {

border: none;

}

sup {

vertical-align: super;

}

sub {

vertical-align: sub;

}

h1 {

font-size: 2em;

}

h2 {

font-size: 1.8em;

}

h3 {

font-size: 1.6em;

}

h4 {

font-size: 1.4em;

}

h5 {

font-size: 1.2em;

}

h6 {

font-size: 1em;

}

a, a:link, a:visited, a:hover, a:active {

outline: 0;

text-decoration: none;

}

a img {

border: none;

text-decoration: none;

}

img {

border: none;

text-decoration: none;

}

label, button {

cursor: pointer;

}

input:focus, select:focus, textarea:focus {

background-color: #FFF;

}

fieldset {

border: none;

}

.clear {

clear: both;

}

.float-left {

float: left;

}

.float-rightright {

float: rightright;

}

body {

text-align: center;

}

#wrapper {

margin: 0 auto;

text-align: left;

}

十四. Anieto2K Reset CSS

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe,

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, p,

blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address, big,

cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img,

ins, kbd, q, s, samp, small, strike,

strong, sub, sup, tt, var, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,

fieldset, form, label, legend,

table, caption, tbody, tfoot, thead, tr, th, td,

center, u, b, i {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

border: 0;

outline: 0;

font-weight: normal;

font-style: normal;

font-size: 100%;

font-family: inherit;

vertical-align: baselinebaseline

}

body {

line-height: 1

}

:focus {

outline: 0

}

ol, ul {

list-style: none

}

table {

border-collapse: collapse;

border-spacing: 0

}

blockquote:before, blockquote:after, q:before, q:after {

content: “”

}

blockquote, q {

quotes: “” “”

}

input, textarea {

margin: 0;

padding: 0

}

hr {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

border: 0;

color: #000;

background-color: #000;

height: 1px

}

十五.CSSLab CSS Reset

CSS Code復制內容到剪貼板

html, body, div, span, applet, object, iframe, h1, h2, h3,

h4, h5, h6, p, blockquote, pre, a, abbr, acronym, address,

big, cite, code, del, dfn, em, font, img, ins, kbd, q, s, samp,

small, strike, strong, sub, sup, tt, var, dl, dt, dd, ol, ul, li,

fieldset, form, label, legend, table, caption, tbody, tfoot,

thead, tr, th, td {

margin: 0;

padding: 0;

border: 0;

outline: 0;

font-weight: inherit;

font-style: inherit;

font-size: 100%;

font-family: inherit;

vertical-align: baselinebaseline;

}

:focus {

outline: 0;

}

table {

border-collapse: separate;

border-spacing: 0;

}

caption, th, td {

text-align: left;

font-weight: normal;

}

a img, iframe {

border: none;

}

ol, ul {

list-style: none;

}

input, textarea, select, button {

font-size: 100%;

font-family: inherit;

}

select {

margin: inherit;

}

/* Fixes incorrect placement of numbers in ol’s in IE6/7 */

ol { margin-left:2em; }

/* == clearfix == */

.clearfix:after {

content: “.”;

display: block;

height: 0;

clear: both;

visibility: hidden;

}

.clearfix {display: inline-block;}

* html .clearfix {height: 1%;}

.clearfix {display: block;}

好了，CSS重設目前先總結到這里，這15套重設方法其實都是有共同點的，也許有的實現方法不同，但大部分都是同一個目的，就是為了讓更多的瀏覽器能顯示同樣的效果。有了這些CSS重設作為資料和參考，也許會對你的工作有所幫助甚至提高效率，但是，畢竟這些重設都是別人寫的，你完全也可以為自己量身定制一套CSS重設。

更多信息請查看IT技術專欄